Photoluminescnce (PL)
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1. Research Interest
· Nanostructured Materials and Devices
· Optoelectronic Devices (Solar cells, Detectors and Emitters)
o Synthesis and fabrication of Nanostructured Materials and characterization
§ Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), Thermal evaporation, Electron beam evaporation, Sputtering, Solgel and hydrothermal techniques.
§ UV lithography
o Optical Characterization
§ Photoluminesce (PL) and Photoluminesce Excitation (PLE),
§ Electroluminesce (EL)
§ UV-Visb. Spectroscopy
§ FTIR Spectroscopy
§ Raman Spectroscopy
o Structural Characterization
§ X-Ray diffraction
§ Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and FESEM
§ Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis
§ Scanning tunneling Electron Microscopy (STEM)
§ Electron Beam Induced Current (EBIC) analysis
o Electrical Characterization
§ Current-Voltage (IV) Characterization
§ Capacitance-Voltage (CV) Characterization
§ Micro and Nanoprobing
§ Electrically active defects Characterization
2. Summary of research work
Semiconductor science and technology is referred as driving force behind the Nanotechnology and same is true in my case. My research that leads to the award of Ph.D. degree is on the study of heavy transition metal doped III-V semiconductors grown by MOCVD. In my postdoctoral research (at Australian National University) my research thrust was on the fabrication and characterization of 3rd generation solar cells based on different quantum structures (nanostructures), including InGaAs and AlGaAs based quantum dots, quantum Well, Dot-in-Well, Strain quantum dot, Coupled quantum dots etc. grown and fabricate by MOCVD and UV lithography respectively. Their structural (XRD, Rocking Curve, TEM, EDX), optical and electrical under AMU1.5 solar simulator were studied. In university of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, I established the Laboratory of Nanotechnology, where I supervised number of M.Phil. Research projects and as results we constructed the home made CVD system, Solgel technique for nanoparticle synthesis and hydrothermal fabrication of nanostructures (ZnO and CuO). Beside this as a director of High-Tech lab. I enjoyed the use of SEM (Jeol JSM-6510LV), FTIR and UV-Visb Spectroscopy (Perkin-Elmer, spectrum 100 and Lambda-950 respectively).
In Majmaah University, I am also trying to setup a well-equipped state of the art material research lab especially for nanomaterial and devices. My first priority is the extension of my previous research work but focused on Metal related Oxide and Sulphide nanostructures and optimization of their characteristics for applications in solar cells and devices. At the moment I am leading a Material Science Research (MSR) group. Second priority is nanocomposite polymers using the nano metal oxide and sulphide materials in polymers.
Photoluminescence (PL)
Photoluminescence spectroscopy is technique to probe the electronic structure of materials. This technique is considered as a contactless, nondestructive one. Energy in form of laser light is used to shine the sample, where this energy is absorbed and excess energy used by the material in a process called photo-excitation and an electron hole pair is generated in conduction and valance bands. After this excess energy can be dissipated by the sample through the recombination in form of emission of light or luminescence. In the case of photo-excitation, this luminescence is called photoluminescence and abbreviated PL.
Photoluminescence is routinely used for the investigation of following characteristics
· Non conduct non-destructive for probing of electronic structure
· Band gap determination
· Impurity level and defect deduction
· Recombination mechanisms
· Surface structure and excited state
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